Horseback riding is a multidisciplinary approach to neurodevelopmental therapy and physical rehabilitation that produces specific benefits and provides overall conditioning of the rider, especially those with disabilities. These can include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, autism, cerebral palsy, dementia, depression, developmental delay, genetic syndromes (i.e., Down syndrome), traumatic brain injuries (TBI), behavioral issues, abuse issues, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other mental health or physical concerns.

The horse's gait and movement mirrors that of our own human gait, helping riders to build and strengthen core muscles, balance, and motor coordination. These all are helpful in building strong walking habits.

Horses also have similar behaviors as humans, such as social and responsive behaviors. It is easy for humans to create a connection with the horse that creates a general sense of well-being. Equine therapy also has been shown to increase self-esteem, self-discipline, and self-confidence.